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How to best donate to Nepal earthquake victims
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Americans are poised to open their wallets for Nepali earthquake aid, but it's hard to know which aid organizations are responsible with donations. - photo by Chandra Johnson
It's natural for Americans seeing the devastation in the wake of the earthquake that killed thousands in Nepal to want to donate aid.

It's also become customary for major news outlets like Time magazine and CNN, in addition to covering the disaster, to provide easy-to-understand lists of aid organizations concerned citizens can donate to.

But in the wake of recent disasters like Hurricane Sandy and the earthquake in Haiti, Americans have been giving less to relief aid. The Associated Press reported last year that far fewer donations came in trying to help victims of the Ebola outbreak in Africa or natural disasters that killed scores in Pakistan and the Philippines.

One reason is known as "disaster fatigue," where too many disasters simply happen in tandem, making donors feel hopeless about the situation and therefore less optimistic that their donations will make a difference.

While disaster victims most certainly need foreign aid when natural disasters strike without warning, another reason giving donors pause could be how donations are distributed, says the Maryland nonprofit Disaster Accountability Project.

The nonprofit reported widely on large chunks of New York state donation money allegedly not being funneled to victims in the wake of Hurricane Sandy.

Hurricane Sandy relief was not unique. ABC News reported in 2010 about how many well-known charity organizations, including the Red Cross, spent fractions of what was donated to victims of the Haiti earthquake for reasons including poor coordination. Other aid organizations, like Haiti quake relief organization Yele, have collapsed in the wake of fraud.

As Forbes' Caroline Mayer wrote, donors need to know their aid organization well so they won't donate in the dark especially in the age of online giving. Organizations like Charity Navigator and Wise Giving Alliance have their own rankings for the most responsible charities.

"If you want to give online, go to the charitys website on your own," Mayer wrote. "If you dont know the official site, you can often find links at Charity Navigator and the Wise Giving Alliance."
Its toxic: New study says blue light from tech devices can speed up blindness
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A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers. - photo by Herb Scribner
It turns out checking Twitter or Facebook before bed is bad for your health.

A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers.

That process can lead to age-related macular degeneration, which is a leading cause of blindness in the United States, according to the researchs extract.

Blue light is a common issue for many modern Americans. Blue light is emitted from screens, most notably at night, causing sleep loss, eye strain and a number of other issues.

Dr. Ajith Karunarathne, assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, said our constant exposure to blue light cant be blocked by the lens or cornea.

"It's no secret that blue light harms our vision by damaging the eye's retina. Our experiments explain how this happens, and we hope this leads to therapies that slow macular degeneration, such as a new kind of eye drop, he said.

Macular degeneration is an incurable eye disease that often affects those in their 50s or 60s. It occurs after the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina. Those cells need retinal to sense light and help signal the brain.

The research team found blue light exposure created poisonous chemical molecules that killed photoreceptor cells

"It's toxic. If you shine blue light on retinal, the retinal kills photoreceptor cells as the signaling molecule on the membrane dissolves," said Kasun Ratnayake, a Ph.D. student researcher working in Karunarathne's cellular photo chemistry group. "Photoreceptor cells do not regenerate in the eye. When they're dead, they're dead for good."

However, the researchers found a molecule called alpha-tocopherol, which comes from Vitamin E, can help prevent cell death, according to Futurism.

The researchers plan to review how light from TVs, cellphones and tablet screens affect the eyes as well.

"If you look at the amount of light coming out of your cellphone, it's not great but it seems tolerable," said Dr. John Payton, visiting assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. "Some cellphone companies are adding blue-light filters to the screens, and I think that is a good idea."

Indeed, Apple released a Night Shift mode two years ago to help quell blue lights strain on the eyes, according to The Verge. The screen will dim into a warmer, orange light that will cause less stress on the eyes.