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New discovery in Africa opens questions about 'missing history of dinosaurs'
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Scientists recently discovered a new dinosaur in the Egyptian desert, shedding light on Africa's missing history of dinosaurs." - photo by Herb Scribner
Scientists recently announced they discovered a new dinosaur in the Egyptian desert, shedding light on Africa's missing history of dinosaurs, according to BBC.

Researchers have rarely discovered dinosaur fossils in Africa prior to this new find.

The new dinosaur, called Mansourasaurus shahinae, is a herbivore that stretches to about the size of a school bus. The dinosaur likely weighed about five tons, according to Reuters.

Paleontologists discovered the dinosaur during an expedition in Egypt.

"It was thrilling for my students to uncover bone after bone, as each new element we recovered helped to reveal who this giant dinosaur was," lead researcher Hesham Sallam of Mansoura University said, according to BBC.

The discoveries were published on Monday in the journal Nature.

Matt Lamanna, one of the studys authors, wrote in a blog post that the 2013 discovery is the Holy Grail.

He said dinosaur fossils from the Cretaceous Period, which was between 94 and 66 million years ago, are rare in Africa. He said that the continents began to separate during this era, which is also considered to be the final age of the dinosaurs.

The separating continents make it hard to figure out where the dinosaurs lived during their final years, Lamanna wrote. Several dinosaurs lived in what is now Utah around this time period.

Eric Gorscak, another co-author of the recent study, said this discovery might mean that dinosaurs migrated between Europe and Africa toward the end of their time on Earth, Time reported.

Africa remains a giant question mark in terms of land-dwelling animals at the end of the Age of Dinosaurs, Gorscak said, according to Time. Mansourasaurus helps us address longstanding questions about Africas fossil record and paleobiology.
Its toxic: New study says blue light from tech devices can speed up blindness
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A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers. - photo by Herb Scribner
It turns out checking Twitter or Facebook before bed is bad for your health.

A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers.

That process can lead to age-related macular degeneration, which is a leading cause of blindness in the United States, according to the researchs extract.

Blue light is a common issue for many modern Americans. Blue light is emitted from screens, most notably at night, causing sleep loss, eye strain and a number of other issues.

Dr. Ajith Karunarathne, assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, said our constant exposure to blue light cant be blocked by the lens or cornea.

"It's no secret that blue light harms our vision by damaging the eye's retina. Our experiments explain how this happens, and we hope this leads to therapies that slow macular degeneration, such as a new kind of eye drop, he said.

Macular degeneration is an incurable eye disease that often affects those in their 50s or 60s. It occurs after the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina. Those cells need retinal to sense light and help signal the brain.

The research team found blue light exposure created poisonous chemical molecules that killed photoreceptor cells

"It's toxic. If you shine blue light on retinal, the retinal kills photoreceptor cells as the signaling molecule on the membrane dissolves," said Kasun Ratnayake, a Ph.D. student researcher working in Karunarathne's cellular photo chemistry group. "Photoreceptor cells do not regenerate in the eye. When they're dead, they're dead for good."

However, the researchers found a molecule called alpha-tocopherol, which comes from Vitamin E, can help prevent cell death, according to Futurism.

The researchers plan to review how light from TVs, cellphones and tablet screens affect the eyes as well.

"If you look at the amount of light coming out of your cellphone, it's not great but it seems tolerable," said Dr. John Payton, visiting assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. "Some cellphone companies are adding blue-light filters to the screens, and I think that is a good idea."

Indeed, Apple released a Night Shift mode two years ago to help quell blue lights strain on the eyes, according to The Verge. The screen will dim into a warmer, orange light that will cause less stress on the eyes.