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Why graduate students leave without finishing
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Half of doctoral students are leaving graduate school without finishing. Research has found graduate student possess the academic ability to complete their studies, but systematic issues in the school system have led to distress among students. - photo by Megan McNulty
Why do half of doctoral students leave graduate school without finishing?

Recent research has shown that most graduate students possess the academic ability to complete their studies, but systemic issues in the school system have led to mental distress among many graduate students, according to the Atlantic.

Peterson's, a site that focuses on information about various colleges, noted graduate degrees can be difficult to attain for various reasons, including competitiveness, stress, emotional and financial support and the difficulty of forming a thesis.

You become overly fixated on what your professors think of you, Karen Kelsky, a former professor and academic career coach, told the Atlantic. Paranoia is quite rampant in Ph.D. programs because Ph.D. students can get so isolated and so fixated on whether or not the people in authority (committee members) approve of what they're doing since they have total authority to grant the degree.

Leonard Cassuto, an English professor at Fordham University, wrote for The Chronicle, "Not all graduate students will stay the doctoral course, but more of them should and when half do not, it's our fault."

The Atlantic noted the study "Re-Envisioning the Ph.D." by Jody Nyquist, the former dean of graduate studies at the University of Washington. For the study, Nyquist asked doctoral students about flaws they saw in graduate programs. Most students complained about "a lack of quality mentoring and support from faculty."

The Ph.D. Completion Project, a seven-year, grant-funded project that addresses issues surrounding doctoral completion and attrition, listed mentoring as one of the key factors influencing graduate student outcomes. Program selection, financial support, program environment, research mode of field, and processes and procedures were also listed.

The site mentioned that increasing demand for workers with advanced training is a growing concern for the health and competitiveness of the U.S economy. According to Peterson's, the completion of a graduate degree does not guarantee a higher salary and may increase student debt.

According to the report "The Path Forward: The Future of Graduate Education in The United States," by 2018, 2.5 million jobs are estimated to require advanced degrees. Additionally, the report mentioned that political and economic shifts have emphasized the economic benefits of a highly trained workforce.

The report explained that less than 25 percent of doctoral students complete degrees within five years and as many as 47 percent take a total of seven years for completion.

Although obtaining a graduate degree is a tough and extensive process, it has been proven to come with several benefits. These include career challenges, travel opportunities, research opportunities and higher potential for future promotion, according to Peterson's.
Its toxic: New study says blue light from tech devices can speed up blindness
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A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers. - photo by Herb Scribner
It turns out checking Twitter or Facebook before bed is bad for your health.

A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers.

That process can lead to age-related macular degeneration, which is a leading cause of blindness in the United States, according to the researchs extract.

Blue light is a common issue for many modern Americans. Blue light is emitted from screens, most notably at night, causing sleep loss, eye strain and a number of other issues.

Dr. Ajith Karunarathne, assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, said our constant exposure to blue light cant be blocked by the lens or cornea.

"It's no secret that blue light harms our vision by damaging the eye's retina. Our experiments explain how this happens, and we hope this leads to therapies that slow macular degeneration, such as a new kind of eye drop, he said.

Macular degeneration is an incurable eye disease that often affects those in their 50s or 60s. It occurs after the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina. Those cells need retinal to sense light and help signal the brain.

The research team found blue light exposure created poisonous chemical molecules that killed photoreceptor cells

"It's toxic. If you shine blue light on retinal, the retinal kills photoreceptor cells as the signaling molecule on the membrane dissolves," said Kasun Ratnayake, a Ph.D. student researcher working in Karunarathne's cellular photo chemistry group. "Photoreceptor cells do not regenerate in the eye. When they're dead, they're dead for good."

However, the researchers found a molecule called alpha-tocopherol, which comes from Vitamin E, can help prevent cell death, according to Futurism.

The researchers plan to review how light from TVs, cellphones and tablet screens affect the eyes as well.

"If you look at the amount of light coming out of your cellphone, it's not great but it seems tolerable," said Dr. John Payton, visiting assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. "Some cellphone companies are adding blue-light filters to the screens, and I think that is a good idea."

Indeed, Apple released a Night Shift mode two years ago to help quell blue lights strain on the eyes, according to The Verge. The screen will dim into a warmer, orange light that will cause less stress on the eyes.