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Will tax on sugary drinks make us healthier or just poorer?
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In an effort to curb consumption, Philadelphia will levy a new tax on sugary and artificially sweetened drinks. But will the tax make people healthier or just poorer? - photo by Jennifer Graham
If the beverage tastes sweet and comes in a can or a bottle, it will cost more in Philadelphia come January when a new tax on sugary and artificially sweetened drinks goes into effect.

The so-called soda tax is 1.5 cents per ounce and will affect everything from Diet Coke to Gatorade to a Starbucks Frappuccino anything bottled, canned or from a fountain with either sugar or artificial sweetener added, save for a few exceptions, Philly.com reported.

One of those exceptions is fruit juice, unless the beverage contains less than 50 percent juice.

The tax is on distributors, not consumers, but analysts say consumers will be picking up the tab which will amount to 18 cents for a 12-ounce can, $1 for a two-liter container, and $2.16 for a 12-pack. That is, assuming the tax holds up in court.

The beverage industry has promised to fight a "regressive tax that unfairly singles out beverages, including low- and no-calorie choices," and it has prevailed elsewhere. Similar measures have been defeated in New York City, San Francisco and Massachusetts.

But now that the Philadelphia City Council has passed a measure that NPR's Allison Aubrey called historic, other cities could follow, and they will be cheered by health officials who have been trying to curb consumption of beverages with little to no nutritional value, while at the same time, trying to get Americans to cut down on sugar.

The dietary guidelines released in January said added sugars should not exceed 10 percent of the total calories a person consumes.

Most Americans consume more than twice the recommended amount, and soft drinks represent a lot of that sugar, even though sales have declined for the past decade and are at a 30-year low, according to Fortune magazine.

The industry has been throttled by the popularity of bottled water, as well as studies that say frequent consumption of diet sodas can raise the risk of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and heart disease. (Bizarrely, diet sodas even have been linked to long-term weight gain.)

Still 17 percent of us pop the top on what the Center for Science in the Public Interest calls "liquid candy" at least once a day. And when you count not just soft drinks, but other drinks with added sugars to include sports drinks, energy drinks, fruit drinks and sweetened tea more than half of us have at least one every day, according to the CDC.

So a tax on sugary and artificially sweetened beverages stands to bring in a lot of new tax dollars for Philadelphia more than $400 million is projected over the next five years, money that will go toward pre-K education and city parks. That's the reason the City Council enacted the tax, not concern for the citizenry's health.

But there is evidence that improved health may be a side effect.

After Mexico enacted a soda tax in January of 2014, consumption had dropped 12 percent by December, NPR said. Even discussion about a soda tax seems to reduce intake, too.

After a prolonged debate on a soda tax that ultimately fizzled, the number of Vermont residents who said they drank sugary drinks fell from nearly 50 percent to 18.9 percent, Politico reported.
Its toxic: New study says blue light from tech devices can speed up blindness
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A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers. - photo by Herb Scribner
It turns out checking Twitter or Facebook before bed is bad for your health.

A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers.

That process can lead to age-related macular degeneration, which is a leading cause of blindness in the United States, according to the researchs extract.

Blue light is a common issue for many modern Americans. Blue light is emitted from screens, most notably at night, causing sleep loss, eye strain and a number of other issues.

Dr. Ajith Karunarathne, assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, said our constant exposure to blue light cant be blocked by the lens or cornea.

"It's no secret that blue light harms our vision by damaging the eye's retina. Our experiments explain how this happens, and we hope this leads to therapies that slow macular degeneration, such as a new kind of eye drop, he said.

Macular degeneration is an incurable eye disease that often affects those in their 50s or 60s. It occurs after the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina. Those cells need retinal to sense light and help signal the brain.

The research team found blue light exposure created poisonous chemical molecules that killed photoreceptor cells

"It's toxic. If you shine blue light on retinal, the retinal kills photoreceptor cells as the signaling molecule on the membrane dissolves," said Kasun Ratnayake, a Ph.D. student researcher working in Karunarathne's cellular photo chemistry group. "Photoreceptor cells do not regenerate in the eye. When they're dead, they're dead for good."

However, the researchers found a molecule called alpha-tocopherol, which comes from Vitamin E, can help prevent cell death, according to Futurism.

The researchers plan to review how light from TVs, cellphones and tablet screens affect the eyes as well.

"If you look at the amount of light coming out of your cellphone, it's not great but it seems tolerable," said Dr. John Payton, visiting assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. "Some cellphone companies are adding blue-light filters to the screens, and I think that is a good idea."

Indeed, Apple released a Night Shift mode two years ago to help quell blue lights strain on the eyes, according to The Verge. The screen will dim into a warmer, orange light that will cause less stress on the eyes.