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UK and US partner to bring in-home power to millions of Africans
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A new partnership between the U.S.s Power Africa initiative and U.K.s Energy Africa program is set to boost access to electricity across the continent by connecting private investment and partnering the countries' development networks. - photo by Daniel Lombardi
The effort to electrify Africa got a positive jolt recently when U.K. and United States development agencies agreed to join forces to provide affordable, reliable and modern energy services by 2030, the Guardian reported this week.

A lack of in-home power for 600 million Africans is holding back an entire continent, U.K. International Development Minister Nick Hurd said at a Dec. 7 announcement of the new partnership with the U.S. to help millions of people get access to clean energy, according to the U.K.'s Department for International Development (DFID).

According to the nonprofit ONE, Lack of electricity in Africa remains one of the biggest barriers to the regions development and prosperity, and continues to trap millions of people in extreme poverty. In the past 15 years, the number of people without electricity has increased in most of sub-Saharan Africa.

Thirty-seven countries in Africa have electrification rates below 50 percent, which results in diminished quality of life and hinders clinics and hospitals that need refrigeration to store vaccines and lights for operations. ONE also says that education is limited when students lack light in their homes to study in the evening.

The recent agreement between the U.S.s Power Africa initiative and U.K.s Energy Africa program is set to boost access to electricity across the continent by connecting private investment and partnering the two countries' development networks, USAID and DFID.

The development organizations hope to grow electrical access by growing the size and stability of the electrical grid as well as increasing the number of homes with off-grid power sources such as solar, according to the Guardian.

The Power Africa program will focus on large renewable energy projects that bolster the power grid. The Energy Africa initiative will focus on developing off-grid solar power for rural households that have no immediate hope of accessing the grid.

In the long run, Africas power infrastructure needs to grow dramatically, but in the meantime Energy Africa wants to offer solutions on a smaller scale. The question is: what can we do for the 60 percent now? Hurd asks. On-grid is massively important but most of the projections suggest thats going to take a long time and wont reach all the population."

Hurd said that both approaches were important to powering Africa. No one can tackle Africas energy challenge alone. We will only make progress if we work together. That is why this new partnership is so important.

President Obama launched Power Africa in 2013 under the United States International Development organization, according to All Africa. Power Africa started with an initial commitment of $7 billion, which has now leveraged nearly $43 billion in commitments from over 120 public and private partners for energy projects. More than three-quarters of these projects are in renewable technology.

There are also many non-governmental organizations working to electrify Africa with a variety of innovative devices that light up rural homes, far from the grid. One example is the Senegalese-American musician Akons recently launched foundation, AKON Lighting Africa, that hopes to use solar technology to improve livelihoods in 25 African countries by the end of 2016.

Another NGOs solution to lighting Africa is gravity. The organization GravityLight started with an IndieGoGo fundraising campaign in 2013 and is now working to start a factory in Kenya to manufacture its innovative light on a larger scale.
Its toxic: New study says blue light from tech devices can speed up blindness
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A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers. - photo by Herb Scribner
It turns out checking Twitter or Facebook before bed is bad for your health.

A new study from the University of Toledo found that blue light from digital devices can transform molecules in your eyes retina into cell killers.

That process can lead to age-related macular degeneration, which is a leading cause of blindness in the United States, according to the researchs extract.

Blue light is a common issue for many modern Americans. Blue light is emitted from screens, most notably at night, causing sleep loss, eye strain and a number of other issues.

Dr. Ajith Karunarathne, assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, said our constant exposure to blue light cant be blocked by the lens or cornea.

"It's no secret that blue light harms our vision by damaging the eye's retina. Our experiments explain how this happens, and we hope this leads to therapies that slow macular degeneration, such as a new kind of eye drop, he said.

Macular degeneration is an incurable eye disease that often affects those in their 50s or 60s. It occurs after the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina. Those cells need retinal to sense light and help signal the brain.

The research team found blue light exposure created poisonous chemical molecules that killed photoreceptor cells

"It's toxic. If you shine blue light on retinal, the retinal kills photoreceptor cells as the signaling molecule on the membrane dissolves," said Kasun Ratnayake, a Ph.D. student researcher working in Karunarathne's cellular photo chemistry group. "Photoreceptor cells do not regenerate in the eye. When they're dead, they're dead for good."

However, the researchers found a molecule called alpha-tocopherol, which comes from Vitamin E, can help prevent cell death, according to Futurism.

The researchers plan to review how light from TVs, cellphones and tablet screens affect the eyes as well.

"If you look at the amount of light coming out of your cellphone, it's not great but it seems tolerable," said Dr. John Payton, visiting assistant professor in the UT Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. "Some cellphone companies are adding blue-light filters to the screens, and I think that is a good idea."

Indeed, Apple released a Night Shift mode two years ago to help quell blue lights strain on the eyes, according to The Verge. The screen will dim into a warmer, orange light that will cause less stress on the eyes.